10.1 Hydrogen:
1 Position in periodic table
2 Atomic hydrogen , Nascent hydrogen
3 Isotopes of hydrogen
4 Ortho and Para hydrogen
5 Applications
10.2. Oxygen:
1 Position in periodic table
2 Types of oxides
3 Uses of oxygen
10.3. Ozone:
1 Occurrence
2 Preparation from oxygen
3 Structure of ozone
4 Important properties of ozone
5 Ozone layer and ozone hole
6 Uses of ozone
10.4. Water:
1 Structure
2 Solvent property of water
3 Heavy water and uses
10.5 Nitrogen and Its Compounds:
1 Position of nitrogen in Periodic table
2 Uses of nitrogen
3 Types of nitrogen oxides (name and Lewis structure)
4 Ammonia
- manufacture by Haber's synthesis method
- Physical properties, chemical properties and uses
5 Oxyacids of nitrogen (type)
6 Technical production of nitric acid by Ostwald method
- Properties of nitric acid and uses.
- Test of nitrate ion
Unit 11: Non-Metals II - 23 teaching hours
11.1 Halogens: (Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine)
1 Position in periodic table
2 Comparative study on: preparation, properties and uses
3 Manufacture of bromine from carnallite process and manufacture of iodine form i. sea weeds (principle only) ii. caliche (Principle only)
5 Comparative study on ; preparation, properties and uses of haloacids (HCl, HBr and HI)
11.2. Carbon:
1 Position in periodic table
2 Allotropes of carbon including fullerenes
3 Laboratory preparation, properties and uses of carbon monoxides
11.3. Phosphorous:
1 Occurrence, position in periodic table
2 Allotropes of phosphorous and uses of phosphorus
3 Preparation, properties and uses of phosphine
4 Oxides and oxyacids of phosphorous (structure and uses)
5 Preparation, properties and uses of orthophospheric acid
11.4. Sulphur:
Position in periodic table and allotropes
1 Hydrogen Sulphide: (Laboratory methods and Kipp's apparatus), properties and uses
2 Sulphurdioxide : Laboratory preparation, properties and uses
3 Sulphuric acid: Manufacture by contact process, properties and uses
4 Sodiumthiosulphate (hypo): formula and uses
11.5. Boron and Silicon:
1 Occurrence, position in periodic table
2 Properties and uses
3 Formula and uses of burax, boric acid, Silicate and Silica
11.6. Noble gas: Position in periodic table, occurrence and uses
11.7. Environmental Pollution:
- Air pollution, photochemical smog
- Acid rain, water pollution
- Green house effect
Unit 12: Metal and Metallurgical Principles - 6 teaching hours
1 Characteristics of metals, non-metals and metalloids
2 Minerals and ores
3 Important minerals deposit in Nepal
4 Different process involved in metalurgical process
5 Concentration
6 Calcination and roasting
7 Smelting
8 Carbon reduction process
9 Thermite process
10 Electrochemical reduction
11 Refining of metals: poling, electro-refinement etc
Unit 13: Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 10 teaching hours
13.1 Alkali Metals:
1 Periodic discussion and general characteristics.
2 Sodium: Occurrence, Extraction from Downs process; properties and uses.
3 Sodium hydroxide: Manufacture, properties and uses.
4 Sodium carbonate: Manufacture, properties and uses.
13.2 Alkaline Earth Metals:
1 Periodic discussion and general characteristics
2 Preparation, properties and uses of i. quick lime, ii. plaster of Paris iii. bleaching powder, iv. magnesia v. epsom salt.